Strategic Analysis

Introduction to Business Submitted to: Miss. Rabia Hassan Assignment # 1 Section: K Topic: Strategic Alliance Tata and Starbucks Group Members: * Khubaib Yaqub * Rana Zeeshan * Momna Ahmad * Iqra Pervaiz * Aimen Naqvi * Iqra Tariq * Huma Akram TATA Coffee and STARBUCKS Indian Coffee Industry: India is the fifth largest producer of coffee in the world, producing more than four percent of the world’s coffee, with the bulk production in southern states. In India the average coffee consumption per day is estimated to be ten cups per day. Only India produces its coffee in indoor facility.Indian coffee has a unique historic flavor and aroma. Tata Coffee: Tata produces coffee on its private land. They process the beans and export green coffee. Tata also manufacture and exports Instant coffee. Starbucks: Starbucks is an International chain of coffee and coffeehouse based in Seattle and Washington. Starbucks prefers quality over price and is specialized in coffee and related beverages. Starbucks does the business of coffee, Italian-style espresso beverages, cold blended beverages, high quality teas and coffee related equipment and accessories. About the Deal:Starbucks is joining hands with Tata to set up stores in Tata group’s retail outlets and hotels other then sourcing and roasting beans at Tata Coffees Kodagu facility with its particular process. The deal includes opening cafes, roasting and sourcing beans. Both Tata and Starbucks will have to solve the franchisee-led business model of Starbucks. Both companies have agreed to set up a 50:50% joint venture of growing hot beverages in India Market with a name called â€Å"Tata Starbucks Ltd†. Starbucks will be operated and owned across India through this venture. Their brand name will be named as Starbucks Coffee â€Å"A Tata Alliance†.Tata and Starbucks have agreed to open 50 cafes in several cities of India in 2012 starting with Delhi and Mumbai. Youth of India has increased the use of we stern Coffee Cafes. In India competitors of Starbucks includes Barista, Cafe coffee Day and Costa Coffee. Together Tata and Starbucks will control a market of Coffee Cafes which is estimated at over Rs. 700 crore a year. The agreement of separate roasting and sourcing between Tata Coffee Ltd and Starbucks Coffee Company Ltd in future will roast coffee to supply to Tata Starbucks and will export to Starbucks Coffee Company for its overseas operations.India produces Coffee over Rs. 3, 000 crore a year. Objectives of Tata Coffee behind this Deal: * Opportunity for TATA coffee to provide roasted coffee beans to Starbucks in India. * Get a chance to jointly invest in facility for export to other market. * Starbucks will provide new technology to the promotion of responsible agronomy practices. * A long term relationship will be formed with this MOU signed with Starbucks. * Tata coffee becomes Asia’s biggest publicly traded coffee grower. Vision: * Tata coffee will become the prefe rred choice in elite market. Customer satisfaction, centricity, quality, sustainability, and an engaged workforce will be our drivers to achieve Rs. 1, 000 crore enterprise by 2015. * In Future Tata coffee shall be perceived as one of the most respected organizations in the plantation and extraction business. Mission: * To simantinaously improve value to stakeholders through our operations while ensuring and improving the ecological wealth entrusted to us. * Enhance quality of life of the people. * Be an exemplary corporate citizen havingTata values with total commitment to the communities in which we operate. | Values: * Integrity * Understanding * Excellence * Unity * Responsibility * Safe working Environment| | | | | Objectives of Starbucks Behind this deal: * Through this MOU Starbucks will be able to India’s market. * India can be a useful source of coffee in domestic market for Starbucks. * Starbucks will have the opportunity to get the knowhow of India market through T ata Global Beverages. * There will be synergy because Tata also has a business I retail market. Mission Statement:To establish Starbucks as the premier producer and provider of the finest coffee in the world while maintaining our uncompromising principles as we grow. Environmental Mission Statement: * To understand and share environmental problems. * Inventing a flexible solution to bring a change. * Revolutionise to buy and sell products which are environment friendly. * Recognizing that fiscal responsibility is essential to our environmental future. * Instilling environmental responsibility as a corporate value. Guiding Principles: * To be assertive and provide a good working environment. An essential way of our business is to discourage discrimination. * Apply the highest standards of excellence to the purchasing, roasting, and fresh delivery of our coffee. * Making the customers enthusiastically satisfied. * Positive contribution towards communities and our environment. * To und erstand that profitability is essential to our future success. Advantages: * Tata and Starbucks both are the companies are leading in their sector respectively. * It is going to be a social project in India. * High quality green coffee beans are going to be produced. Considered jointly investing in additional facilities for exports to other markets. * Sources will be utilized by both in encouraging core competency. * The consumption of coffee is expected to grow at 6% annually. * Other companies can also approach Tata coffee for their raw product. * With the help of this deal Tata coffee will enhance to the branded coffee retail market. Competitive Advantage of Tata Coffee: Tata has maintained a strict consistency in quality whereas Tata is the world’s largest indoor coffee plantation company producing heavy quantity of special, strain specific and premium coffee.Tata’s coffee has a major consumption in Arabic-centric markets. Competitive advantage of Starbucks: Starbu cks has the largest number of coffee houses in the world having a very strong brand image. They have loyal customers all around the world. Disadvantages: * The selling price of Starbucks is not cheap. * The entry of Starbucks has on the out-of-home coffee consumption market and this will effect alliance of Tata coffee with Barista. * There is no exclusivity for each other from both sides. * The demand I India is highly elastic so Starbucks will have to address its pricing issues. There are several competitions in the segment of Starbucks. * Coffee price continue to rule at historical laws and this definitely has an effect on the bottom line of Tata coffee. Conclusion: * This deal will be beneficial for both Tata and Starbucks as it is opening new phases for both. * Starbucks will be able to enter India’s market after having the MOU signed. * Tata will have the opportunity to enter into retail outlet business by joining hands with Starbucks. * A Revolution will take place in I ndia’s coffee retail outlet business.

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? 5 Please, choose 5 topics from the list below and write essays on them observing the compositional elements (250-300 words). 1. Handsome is as handsome does. 2. Appearances are deceptive. 3. Actions speak louder than words. 4. Everything is good in its season. 5. Art is long – life is short. 6. As you sow, you shall mow. 7. Forbidden fruit is sweetest. 8. Better late than never. 9. Idleness is the mother of all evil. 10. Drop by drop wears away the shone. 11. East or West home is best. 12. Don’t cook a hare before catching him. 13. First come first served. 14. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 15. Live and let live. : 1. ?. ?. : – . 2. – : , – 18 ?. 2. ?. ?. . 3. ?. ?. . . 4. ?. ? . . : 1. ?. ?. . 2. ?. ?. . 3. ?. ?. . . ?. ?. ? . 5. ?. ?. ? - . : 1. 1994 – ?. ?. - / ?. ?. . – 2-? . . – ?. : , 1994. – 240 ?. 2. American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language – http: // dictionary. reference. com (2000, Feb. 25). 3. Active Study Dictionary of English. – Harlow: Longman Group UK Limited, 1988. – 710 p. 4. Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary. – London: Har?er Collins Publishers, 1991. 1703 p. 5. Cambridge International Dictionary of English. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. – 1699 p. 6. The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics – Oxford: Pergamon Press etc. , 1994. – Vol. VII. 7. Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture. – Harlow: Addison Wesley Longman, England, 1998. – 1568 p. 8. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. – Harlow: Longman Group UK Limited, 1978. – 1303 p. 9. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs. –Harlow: Longman Group UK Limited, 1986. – 734 p. 10. Longman Language Activator. – Harlow: Longman Group UK Limited, 1992. – 1590 p. 1. The Oxford Russian Dictionary. – Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. – 1340 p. 12. Oxford Learner's Dictionary of Current English. – Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982. – 527 p. 13. Russian–English Dictionary of Idioms. – New York: Random House, 1995. – 1017 p. 14. Roget's Thesaurus of English words and phrases. – London: Penguin Books, 1966. – 722 p. 15. Wordsmyth Educational Dictionary Thesaurus. – http://www. wordsmyth. net. 16. WordNet 1997, Princeton Universiry – http://dictionary. reference. com . 17. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary à ¢â‚¬â€œ http://dictionary. reference. com

A Statement Of Death Of A Salesman English Literature Essay

A Statement Of Death Of A Salesman English Literature Essay Thesis Statement: Although Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller is a classic tragedy in the Aristotelian sense, it is also a biting critique of capitalism and the empty promises of capitalism’s materialistic version of the American Dream. II. Death of a Salesman as a Tragedy A. Catharsis of Emotion B. The Play’s Organic Unity C. Reversal in Fortune 1. Waste of human potential D. Willy’s Hamartia E. Willy as a Noble Personage 1. The nobility of the salesman is derived from the values of capitalism. 2. Ways in which Willy is a noble salesman III. Death of a Salesman as a Critique of Capitalism A. Miller Shows the Ways in Which Capitalist Values have Warped the American Dream 1. Willy’s Fall is ignoble because there is no increase in self-knowledge B. Willy’s Materialism Blinded Him from his Inner Worth IV. Conclusion Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is often heralded as the first modern American tragedy. Utilizing the American Dream as the foundation of American values and morals, Miller builds his play around the hero Willy Loman, a common man, and his family. Through the character of Willy and his family, Miller uses the play to convey the tragic consequences of unerring devotion to that dream. Although Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller is a classic tragedy in the Aristotelian sense, it is also a biting critique of capitalism and the empty promises of capitalism’s materialistic version of the American Dream. One of the qualities of a tragedy observed by Aristotle was the catharsis of emotion that occurred throughout the drama, and this characteristic is readily observable in Death of a Salesman (Arp 1220). Willy’s relationships with all of the other characters in the play reveal a deep sense of grief, despair, and disillusionment as Willy clings to his version of the American Dream and alternately attacks and defends the people in his life. For instance, Willy contradicts himself constantly, cr iticizing his son Biff in one breath and defending him in the next. In Act One Willy yells at Biff, saying, â€Å"One imagines at first that Willy is focused on ensuring that his son has the best life possible according to his version of the American Dream, but as the play progresses one begins to believe that Willy’s treatment of Biff, Happy and all of the characters is an expression of his need to defend his philosophy of capitalist progress. The feelings of despair, anger, and grief that come arise are all focused around this idea that if Willy’s dream is false, his whole life will have been lived in vain. One literary technique that Miller uses to convey the emotional intensity that engenders the catharsis is repetition of phrasing and words. This device can be found throughout the play, used by any character. For instance, Willy states early on, â€Å"I’m the New England man. I’m vital in New England† (Miller 4). In a conversation between Wil ly and Biff, Biff says, â€Å"Pop! I’m a dime a dozen, and so are you!† and Willy answers, â€Å"I’m not a dime a dozen! I’m Willy Loman and you are Biff Loman!† (Miller 105). Much later in the play he says, â€Å"I’ve got to get some seeds. I’ve got to get some seeds, right away. Nothing’s planted. I don’t have a thing in the ground† (Miller 96). Biff, too, talks in this repetitious style, saying to his mother, â€Å"I can’t take hold, Mom. I can’t take hold of some kind of life† (Miller 39). In each of these instances, Miller writes in such a way that the characters repeat key phrases or words that are representative of some deeper emotional message and meaning. New England represents the promised land of plenty that Willy can never reach, the phrase â€Å"dime a dozen† represents the reality of being a common man making a meager living, and the seeds Willy does not have in the third quote refer to the necessary preconditions to success that Willy never acquired. The phrase ‘taking hold’ signifies the notion of success as defined by Willy throughout Biff’s upbringing.

Friendship in Sula Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Friendship in Sula - Essay Example In the very first place, women are sexual products that, once used, can immediately be left behind. This male-female relationship is essentially a consumer-consumed relationship which is utterly in contrast with female relationship. This relationship is more of a friendship based on a sense of fellow-feeling and integrity that the male-female relationship lacks. Indeed Sula’s friendship with Nel represents the existing relationship among the women of Bottom. This friendship is platonic to a great extent platonic. Though both of them maintain relationship with men, and even though their approaches to men are quite different from each other, they continue a relationship between themselves. Nel’s approach to men is quite conventional and society-acknowledged, whereas Sula’s relationship with men is dominated by her sense of independence. This continuity of Sula-Nel friendship in the face of such contradiction essentially reveals that unlike the sex oriented male-fem ale relationship, Sula-Nel friendship is based on a sense of equality and fellow-feeling. The amity that Sula and Nel share with each other is different from other women's romantic relationships since their friendship presents a sense of integrity that the male-female relationships in Bottom lack. ... I just don‘t like her† (Sula 57). In the same manner, the women of the community of Bottom love their children and husbands; meanwhile, it is also evident that they do not like them since both their husbands and children are some necessary parts of their lives, but neither of them renders a sense of completion. Indeed the relationship between a husband and a wife in Bottom can be compared to the relationship between a host and its parasites. But a women’s relationship with other women is totally different from such host-parasites relationships. Female relationship or friendship exists because of the inherent symbiotic benefits that they receive from it. Again the heterosexual relationships or practices among the people of Bottom are in contrast to female friendships. Whereas female friendships are based upon affinity, the heterosexual relationships depend on the neediness of the men in Bottom. Though the traditional male-expectation in Bottom is that a woman must r emain under the supervision of their parents or husbands, Nel did not care for Jude till the last moment of her friendship with Sula. The difference between Nel’s friendship with Sula and her relationship with Jude is that though Jude needs Nel more than she needs him, he maintains a make-belief superiority to Nel. Though Jude is superfluous to Nel’s life, social conventions of Bottom hide this fact from her. He needs to marry Nel in order to prove his manhood when he was denied to work with the white road laborers; he needs Nel for mental support during odd days, and to bear his children in order to prove his masculine abilities. Yet Nel does not have the feeling of completion from her relationship with Jude because society imposed inferiority of Nel to

Comparitive Paper on Ways of Knowing and The Serpent and the Rainbow Essay

Comparitive Paper on Ways of Knowing and The Serpent and the Rainbow - Essay Example Even though outwardly appearing to follow the Christian identity accorded to them by the Euro-Canadian people, they have kept their traditions alive. Jean-Guy Goulet in her book presents her understanding of the social life in the form of a certain practices that are still alive and relevant today to the identity of the Dene Tha’ of Chateh. The concept of unseen reality holds a significant place in the way the Dene Tha view their knowledge. They interact with the dead through ‘dreams’ or ‘visions’. The soul is believed to travel outside the body of the dreamer to visit ‘the other land’. This journey is treated the same way as when a Dene Tha’ travels and meets what would be ‘a real person’ to us and ‘a person living in this land’ to them. â€Å"The Dene Tha differentiate between ndahdigeh, "our land," and echuhdigeh, "the other land," and their respective inhabitants, but they do not do so in the way Euro-North Americans may oppose the natural and the supernatural, the field of science on the one hand and the field of mysticism, magic, and religion on the other. The other land, also referred to as yake, "heaven," is experienced firsthand in dreams or in visions when the soul journeys away from the body. It is in the other land that one meets relatives who have passed away as well as Christian figures such as Mary and Jesus. Dene Tha Elders easily follow an account of a trip to a nearby town with a story of a journey to the other land. To the nearby town in our land they traveled by car. To the other land they traveled with their souls. In both cases they visit actual places and meet real, living people.† (Goulet, 1998) They treat the knowledge gained through these experiences the same way they would treat knowledge gained through encounters with living people. It is treated as experiential learning, a primary source, a direct evidence of truth. This is evident

Structure of the DNA and RNA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Structure of the DNA and RNA - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  the DNA sequence is composed of four types of DNA which are adenine A and Guanine G, Thymine T and Cytosine C.  A sugar known as 2’-deoxy ribose is phosphorylated at its 5’hydroxyl group and free nucleotides have phosphates representing the mono-, di-, or triphosphate form of the nucleotide known as dGTP, dATP, dTTP and dCTP.  This paper highlights that DNA does not exist in a single strand since it is not stable; it links with a second strand and intertwines to form a double helix structure. The bases are bonded to each other at the centre in a particular way whereby Adenine bond with thymine with 2H-bonds and Cytosine bond with Guanine with 3H-bonds. The linear geometry and rigidity of the H-bonds prevents the base pair formation since the plane lies perpendicular to the axis of the helix. Watson and Crick described the B-DNA as the physiological form of the double helix DNA. The sequence of bases in the polymer encodes the genetic information for protein synthesis. The real structure of the DNA, however, deviates slightly from the B form in a sequence dependent manner as well as depending on the interaction with DNA-binding proteins.  A double helix has the minor and major grooves winding along the helix surface. In those grooves, parts of the ring structures of the purines and pyrimidines are exposed to the surface of the helix this is the site where most protein-DNA interactions occur.

Search warrants and warrantless searches, can either make or break a Research Paper

Search warrants and warrantless searches, can either make or break a criminal case - Research Paper Example the one that will determine whether the defendant will be free to go before the trial is conducted or whether to hold them in the cells to await the trial in the courts (Scheb, 2011). Warrants are orders from the court that are issued by the judge, magistrate or supreme court official, that authorizes law enforcement officers to perform a search of an individual, a certain place, or even a motor vehicle as a proof of a criminal offence that is happening or did happen. There are certain jurisdictions, which do respect the law, its rules and a basic right to privacy which puts constraints on the control of police investigators and forces them to require a search warrant in order to conduct any search (Gardner et al., 2009). There are only few scenarios where this rule of law can be accepted, and that is when there is a hot pursuit. This is mostly when a criminal decides to escape from the crime scene. The police are forced to run after them, and in this scenario they can enter by force into the property that he has chosen to hide (Bernnat et al., 2011). In United States of America under the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the police investigators are only required to conduct any search when having a warrant that has been issued by the judge, magistrate or the Supreme Court official. And this must also have a credible course. All the searches that are to be conducted have to be of a reasonable course and to the specifics. When a certain case from the archive is checked; Kentucky v.King, No.09-1272, where the ambush by the police in Lexington, was out of a mistaken judgment. The police officers witnessed a drug deal going on in a parking lot, and they hurriedly ran into a certain apartment house having a complex look for a suspect who had presently sold cocaine to an informer. When the case was heard by the Kentucky Supreme Court, the evidence was suppressed. It was stated that any risk of the drugs being destroyed was as an outcome of the

Emergency nurse practitioner. The impact on the minor injury services Essay

Emergency nurse practitioner. The impact on the minor injury services (hospital setting A&E) - Essay Example ............................................9 Review of Existing Evidence..................................11 Introduction.............................................................11 Objective..................................................................11 Method.....................................................................12 Findings & Analysis..................................................14 Cost Effectiveness.....................................................14 Care Effectiveness.....................................................17 Patient Satisfaction.....................................................19 Waiting Time...............................................................21 Conclusion...................................................................21 Implication to Practice.................................................22 Implication to Research................................................22 References........................................... ..........................24 Literature Review An Emergency Nurse Practitioner (ENP) is an advanced practice role which delivers primary care in the emergency department (Fitzpatrick and Ea, 2011). The emergency nursing practitioner treats common urgent and non-emergency conditions either independently or in collaboration with an attending General Practitioner. Emergency nurse practitioners often have advanced postgraduate qualifications like Masters degrees which give them additional competencies to handle cases according to medical convention and independently. Emergency Nurse Practitioners (ENPs) go through training that enable them to assess patients accurately and treat certain conditions without consultation with a doctor (Evans, 1997). Amongst the areas where they can operate independently are the interpretation of x-rays, remove foreign bodies from the eyes and the prescription of a specified range of drugs (Evans, 1997). Clearly, the ENP plays a crucial role in the emergenc y unit of medical facilities. They make significant contributions by acting as the first line of call in cases which have a relatively low level of risk. The ENP provides significant support to Emergency Doctors and to an appreciable degree, they can act with a level of independence where the need arises. Hence, the ENP is involved in reducing the waiting time in emergency settings. One may therefore seek to ascertain the actual impact of the ENP in cutting down the waiting time in emergency rooms. This research is a substantive project meant to review the existing evidence in the work of an emergency nursing practitioner. This first part of the paper will involve a literature review on the effect of emergency nursing on waiting time. In attaining this end, important concepts and significant activities undertaken along those lines like reducing waiting times to a mere 4-hour period as encouraged by the British government in the year 2000. Methodology This part of the research will i nvolve a literature review of the new research and studies into emergency nursing and waiting time on patients. It will involve the review of evidence and other findings in studies about the quest to reduce waiting times and the relevant variables involved. To this end, 10 different journals which involve empirical studies will be examined in this study. The findings will culminate in conclusions. The articles examined include an array of papers and empirical research. Most of them were written in the UK. However a minority of the articles were published in American

Answer 5 essay questions on Civil War Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Answer 5 questions on Civil War - Essay Example He also had the emancipated slaves in his docket (Schwab, 1901). Another factor that worked in Lincoln’s favor was that he had able generals to make strategies for his war. War generals like Ulysses Grant pushed the advantage of numbers and artillery that they had over the Confederates to work in favor of the Unionists. defensively and holding out as long as possible against the Unionists to let Lincoln know that the war was not worth the effort, it is countered by the fact that the unionists simply had resources that far outstripped those at available to the Confederates. Had the Confederates tried this approach, the Unionists would simply have redoubled the pressure until the South caved in. The unionists used their vast resources together with strategic planning to win the civil war (Schwab, 1901). The only aspect of the reconstruction efforts that were started of by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 was that it led to the reunion of the confederate states that had seceded with the rest of the country. The rest of the reconstruction effort was a sham that led to the manipulation of African Americans and the abuse of their civil and human rights (Elkins, 1976). Though the confederate states had redrawn their constitutions and accepted the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, the social structure of the South remained much the same. Once the federal troops had been withdrawn from the South in 1877, the white farmers and landowners took over. There was open discrimination practiced; there was passed the black codes and other legislations that not only hindered the blacks from voting, such as making African American pay to vote (Schwab, 1901). Another way in which the African Americans remained slaves in practice but freemen on paper was by the practice of share cropping by rich white farmers. The African Americans practically toiled on the white men’s land for nothing, barely making enough to live on. With no voices to speak for them in political cycles and

Ben and Jerrys Remarkable Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ben and Jerrys Remarkable Success - Essay Example We have a progressive, nonpartisan social mission that seeks to meet human needs and eliminate justices in or local, national and international communities by integrating these concerns into our day to day business activities. Our focus is on family and children, the environment and sustainable agriculture on family farms Employees enjoy working at Ben and Jerry's and the company maintains a low turnover. The company states that they have a deep respect for human beings inside and outside the plant. According to the Employee Job Satisfaction Model revised by Richard Scholl, job satisfaction is the employee response to the organization. The company ability to meet the expectations of employees determines job performance. The Affective component of the model reflects the way employees feel about being a part of that work force. Ben and Jerry's has succeeded in producing positive attitudes in many ways, including making working for them fun. In 1987 when increased demand put pressure on employees, Ben and Jerry's created a committee called The Joy Gang. The group plans events throughout the year for holidays, birthdays, parties and secret events to surprise employees. The supervisors participate too promoting a team feeling and avoiding the, us and them, mentality sometimes occurring in big business. The management structure has captured the attention of numerous business journals such as Ethics and Behavior, T&D and American Business Law Journal. Ben and Jerry's incorporates moral management, or as Jerry Cohen phrases it, "caring capitalism." Not only does the company donate 7.5% of annual profits to projects like the homeless, rain forests and social changes for peace, but keeps employees happy with free ice cream daily, free health club memberships and subsidized childcare. The top executive is also limited to earning seven times the amount made by the lowest paid worker (Sikula, 1996). Ben and Jerry's cooperates with the community and local farmers for raw materials. By supporting small farm operations the company honors its focus on family and socially aligning sourcing. Milk and cream is purchased from St. Albans Cooperative Creamery, which agrees not to inject the growth hormone, rBGH into dairy cows as required by Ben and Jerry's. While the hormone is approved by the FDA and increases milk production, it also causes serious health problems for the cows. The hormone is already banned in Canada and the European Union. Ben and Jerry's has also mingled passion and social responsibility into all aspects of the business including product development, human resources, plant operations and marketing. Company leaders keep the social impact of their decision making foremost in their plans, even if it means making a slim profit. The outcome of this philosophy has been incredible (Chang, 2001). In echoing the requirements of a satisfied employee as indicated by the Employee Satisfaction model, Chang stated, "People don't check their personalities at the office door and become automatons: Their performance is predicated on their feelings toward their work." Richard Chang, who is CEO of a performance improvement

Pablo Picasso Essay Example for Free

Pablo Picasso Essay Every artist demonstrates their thoughts and point of view of nature and of the Earth. Their masterpieces portray their artistic identity, mastery, skills and techniques. Some of them have been the founder(s) of a particular art movement, which greatly affects other artists of the world. Pablo Picasso, one of the most renowned modern artists in history, is one of the pioneers of Cubism, along with Georges Braque, who strongly exemplifies and reveals the mentioned art movement and style in his Les Demoiselles D’Avignon, The Guernica and the Three Musician, each of which would be formally evaluated and analyzed. The artistic intelligence of Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) created a great impact in the development of modern and contemporary art. His masterpieces include over 20,000 works including paintings, drawings, sculptures, theater sets, prints, ceramics and costumes that delineate a number of intellectual, social, political, and ardent messages. His styles has gone beyond and transcended realism and abstraction, Cubism, Expressionism, Surrealism and Neoclassicism. Pablo Picasso was born at Malaga Spain in October 25, 1881 to Jose Ruiz Blasco and Maria Picasso Y Lopez. At the age of eight, he started to paint but his drawings were very much different from the children of his age. Even when he was young, Picasso already had a highly systematic approach to art. At the end of 1897, he studied in Madrid but later on, he dropped out of school because his teachers could not help him solve the technical problems he had. Furthermore, he endeavored to become a Classical painter similar to Rembrandt or Velasquez; however, no matter how good he was at the age of 16, still he could not contest the old masters. In the year 1899 and 1900, his style was altered radically. His works showed a more romantic manner. Since then, he began to flourish, absorbing all the dominant styles of his epoch. Nevertheless, it was in between 1907 and 1914 in Paris when he discovered a new style by which the French art critic Louis Vauxcelles referred as â€Å"Cubism. † His masterpiece entitled Les Demoiselles D’Avignon divulged that style in 1907. Picasso’s Les Demoiselles D’Avignon expresses and exhibits his ground-breaking style and distortion which is anchored from African Art. In the painting, the figures are arranged similar to Cezanne’s composition of bathers but it reveals an influence of primitivism. It manifests through the angular planes and well-defined outlines that create the entire solidity of the images. Moreover, it is composed of five females, all of which are depicted with angular body. The color of the figures are not confined to flesh rather there are red, blue and orange. The title of the painting, which is given by Picasso’s friend, pertains to the cabaret or maison publique on the Avignon Street, Barcelona. It showcases an expression of violence and barbaric intensity of the five women. On the other hand, his Guernica articulates the same form but it is more meaningful and more caricature in style. The themes signify death, bullfight and crucifixion. The figures are more complex as well as the content of the painting, which is illustrated by diverse and mixing images. The painting itself is a representation of the tragic events that occurred in Spain during the year 1937. It is full of political message and thus, summons the very idea of warfare as a heroic incident and renders it as a cruel and atrocious act of self-destruction. However, Picasso’s art possesses a trademark that any symbol can portray many and frequently contradicting meanings. According to Picasso when asked to explain the symbols, â€Å"It isn’t up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be better if he wrote them out in so many words. The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them. † Another painting that depicts Cubism is the Three Musicians. It is a large painting with three figures made up of geometric shapes. The central figure is a Harlequin playing a guitar while on his sides are two musicians. On the left part, is a visible figure of a dog. The work delineates a lively appearance due to its color, orange dominates the plane. The images are figuratively rendered but it can be pulled that they are people with musical instruments with them. They are painted in a way similar to a group performing on stage. Pablo Picasso’s style known as Cubism, as well as his masterpieces, has contributed much to the depiction and understanding of abstract art and modernism. His works portray figurative images wherein every art objects is dominated by symbols that carry a myriad of interpretations and meanings. Because of his discovery of Cubism, paintings have appeared to be a three-dimensional picture plane. His works exhibit harmonious colors and biomorphic sensuality which is exemplified in his Les Demoiselles D’Avignon. Moreover, Picasso paints in such a way that is very much different from other well-known artists of his time because he does not employ in his works landscapes or well-depicted everyday scenes. He upholds in his artistic career his identity of not copying nature and not utilizing traditional techniques, and perspectives. He learns to emphasize his viewpoints of the world through geometry, lively utilization of colors, and somehow calculated perspectives. He demonstrates his activism and political comprehension through symbols too and it is evident in his Guernica. Furthermore, because of his artistic career, identity and discovered style (Cubism), he had been renowned in the world of art. Bibliography â€Å"Guernica: Testimony of War.† (2008). Public Broadcasting Service. Database online. Available from http://www. pbs. org/treasuresoftheworld/guernica/gmain. html. [06 April 2009] Harris, Mark. â€Å"Guernica. † (1996). Web. org. uk. Database online. Available from http://web. org. uk/picasso/guernica. html. [06 April 2009] â€Å"Pablo Picasso, Life and Work,† (n. d). Pablo Picasso Cubism. Database online. Available from http://pablo-picasso. paintings. name/biography/. [06 April 2009] â€Å"Pablo Picasso Painting. † (n. d). Artquotes. net. Database online. Available from http://www. artquotes. net/masters/picasso/pablo_musicians1921. htm. [06 April 2009] Rewald, Sabine. â€Å"Cubism. † (2004). Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Database online. Available from http://www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/cube/hd_cube. htm. [06 April 2009] Voorhies, James. â€Å"Pablo Picasso (1881-1973). † (2004). Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Database online. Available from http://www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/pica/hd_pica. htm [06 April 2009]

Fight Club Essay Example for Free

Fight Club Essay Fight Club is a movie about Jack who is an insomniac man, he work as a car manufacturer. He owns everything he wanted to from his condo to the furniture’s he have. Due to his insomniac he keeps on going to various groups also with the people with serious illness in order to get the human contact he wants. He has no friends at all, no relationship and no love ones. He thinks that joining clubs and other groups is the only thing to help him sleep. Until he meet a girl named Marla who he tends to have sex desire. The life of Jack change when he meets Tyler the soap maker who is played by Brad Pitt. After Tyler’s apartment blown into pieces mysteriously Jack lives with Tyler in an abandoned place. They tend try to fight that made them create a secret organization known as fight Club. At the ending of the story we see the twist of the story wherein Tyler is actually manifestation of â€Å"Jack† subconscious and repressed desires. This movie gives as the glimpse of identifying the Marx, Darwin, Freud and Nietzsche themes. According to Karl Marx Capitalism is the conflict between the labouring class which Jack belongs and the social class because economic displace everything else in capitalist society. Like what Jack been experiencing he is being scolded by his superior anytime, anywhere. Based on Marxist themes I identify on the movie the themes Alienation, on which it shows the Alienation in labour on which Jack actually didn’t like his job and at the same time with his job because he is always been scolded by his superior, but still has no option rather than to continue working because of having no means of production of his own; that he have to sell his labour power in order to buy the furniture’s he wanted to and in order to survive. His means of survival is to continue working to provide his needs and wants. It’s just the value of human is equated on the amount of money he has and the social status he belongs. According to Darwin the environment affects the behavior of an individual. On the movie it shows the brutality on which there’s violence happen in the fight club by fighting each individual not for survival purposes. It shows in the movie that it’s the nature of individual to create brutality and violence. Second theme is there is degrading free will in the side of Jack on which he is slave of Tyler’s characters and personality. It’s just means that characters don’t really have their own free will that force them into degrading behavior. Third individual with advantageous trait has the better chance of surviving like Tyler he can survive rather than Jack because his strength. There are too many themes in terms of Freudian Perspective but I preferred to use the Ego Defense Mechanism. Fantasy is one of the major theme I’ve identify in the movie which is the narrator Jack tends to imagine that there is such character as Tyler who is brave, good-looking and perfect. He imagine about himself as Tyler which is real opposite of him. But the reality is it’s just between his imaginations that he wanted to be someone else who has greater personality than him. He idealizes of someone who is master than him. Second theme is Denial the narrator denies of his real personality that his weak he idealize other personality as him which is real strong. He deny of the real fact that he’s weak and tends to pursue of having a personality consider as perfect. The twist of the movie is part of the Freudian Themes wherein Tyler is actually manifestation of â€Å"Jack† subconscious and repressed desires. One of Nietzsche theme is the creation of a higher â€Å"I† is shown in the movie Fight Club it is shown by Jack, he struggle to idealize personal development and perfection through Tyler’s personality. He creates a character opposite to him which is so brave and real perfect. He embraces the danger towards the creation of passionate and exciting life by re-evaluating old ideals or creating new ones. Second theme is the emphasis of strength, Independence and power toward the master mortality. The Master Mortality is shown in the character of Tyler which is strong, powerful, good-looking and above all. The character shows the other side of Jack which shows the character how strong he is and how he fights because of honor not with pleasure. The character of Tyler shows his personality that the more conflicts he encounter, the more strength and success he are. Fight Club is one of the best movie which you can identify different themes of Marx, Darwin, Freud and Nietzsche.

The Basics Of Opnet It

The Basics Of Opnet It In this lab we have followed the instructions that were given in the tutorial from the help menu. We built two networks as the first network that which is having 30 nodes and an internet server those are connected with Optical Fibre cables, and the second network that is having 15 nodes and it was connected to the first network with Optical fibre as well. And we will observe the results like LOAD and DELAY for the first network and We will repeat the same after connecting the second network to the same router. And we can observe in the graphs. Comparisons and review of the networks: All the circuit is been built by placing two networks one in first floor and second in the other floor. And we can observe it in the graph clearly. Figure 1 Both the networks in both first and second floors By the below figure we can notice the delay and Load on the server. When it was not connected to the second network the DELAY and LOAD are as shown in the figure Figure 2 Ethernet Delay (in sec) and Ethernet load (bits/sec) on the server node When the delay is observed in the server there is considerable delay , because server can receive all these nodes at the same time but the nodes are above the limit then there is a chance of delay in the server. Figure 3 This is the compared result of delay between First floor and expansion When the delay is observed in the server there is LOAD, According to this analysis we can say that the distance increased in the network can increase the load . As well as the more number of nodes also increases the load on server. Figure 5 this is the load (bit/sec) for First floor and expansion Conclusion: After this lab we can learn the basics of the OPNET IT GURU .I faced some problems with the terminology and with registration of the softwares whiles installing .This lab helped me in designing the small networks and linking them and comparing the results especially the load and delay Lab 5_ATM ASYNCHRONOUS TANSFER MODE A Connection-Oriented, Cell-Switching Technology Introduction: The goal of this lab is to analyse and examine the effect of Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM adaptation layers and service classes on the performance of the network. There are different layers such as AAL that will discuss in this lab and will provide five service classes that can give a lot of useful information. Objective: To examine the effect of Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM. And provide QoS capabilities through its five service classes: CBR, VBR-rt, VBRnrt, ABR, and UBR. With CBR (constant bit rate). And support all sorts of services, including voice, video, and data by using ATM. To study how the choice of the adaptation layer as well as the service classes can affect the performance of the applications. Procedure: As given in the manual create a new project after completing configured the network; initialized the network, configured the applications, followed by profiles were done. While in the subnets part first configure northeast subnet was completed and add remaining subnets was added. After that choose the statistics was tested and configure the simulation was fixed. Next duplicate the new scenario was duplicated and name it UBR_UBR. Finally run the simulation was run and the view results and analyse. Figure 1 this the CBR_UBR scenario Figure 2 this the design of north east subnet Figure 3 4 indicate the run simulation. Figure 3 Figure 4 View the Results Figure 5 this is the voice diagram that indicate the different delay between the CBR and UBR Questions and Answers 1) Analyse the result we obtained regarding the voice Packet Delay Variation time. Obtain the graphs that compare the Voice packet end-to-end delay, the Email download response time, and the FTP download response time for both scenarios. Comment on the results. Sol When we observe the voice packet delay variation in the above shown figure 5, it indicates the UBR makes delay for voice because of the service class as UBR is using for all applications for ATM Adaption layer AAL5 . While CBR is using AAL2 and we can observe a very smooth service. So we can say that CBR service class is good for Voice applications and UBR service class is good for EMAIL and FTP applications. Figures 6, 7 8 show the graph which compares the Voice packet end-to-end delay ,the Email download response time, and the FTP download response time for both scenarios. Figure 6 in Voice Packer End_ to End Delay (sec) Figure 7 Email Download Response Time (sec) Figure 8 the FTP Download Response Time (sec) By the voice packet end to end indicates that the CBR service is having higher quality when compared to UBR service. By Email download response time when compared responses from both the scenarios. From FTP responses when observed UBR_UBR the responses are beter when compared to CBR_UBR scenario. So as stated before from his graphs UBR is good for Email and FTP but not good for Voice, CBR service is good for Voice. 2) Create another scenario as a duplicate of the CBR_UBR scenario. Name the new scenario Q2_CBR_ABR. In the new scenario you should use the ABR class of service for data, i.e., the FTP and Email applications in the data stations. Compare the performance of the CBR_ABR scenario with that of the CBR_UBR scenario. Hints: To set ABR class of service to a node, assign ABR Only to its ATM Application Parameters attribute and ABR only (Per VC Queue) to its Queue Configuration (one of the ATM Parameters). For all switches in the network (total of 6 switches), configure the Max_Avail_BW of the ABR queue to be 100% and the Min_Guaran_BW to be 20%. Sol Figure 9, the delay variation for both CBR_UBR and Q2_CBR_ABR is similar that means ABR and CBR services are good quality service that uses for voice. Figure 9 this diagram of voice that indicates the delay variation Figure 10, the down load for CBR service is more than ABR service. Figure 10 this is time average for email Figure 11, CBR and ABR services are having same FTP download response time. Figure 11 FTP 3) Edit the FTP application defined in the Applications node so that its File Size is twice the current size (i.e., make it 100000 bytes instead of 50000 bytes). Edit the EMAIL application defined in the Applications node so that its File Size is five times the current size (i.e., make it 10000 bytes instead of 2000 bytes). Study how this affects the voice application performance in both the CBR_UBR and UBR_UBR scenarios. (Hint: to answer this question, you might need to create duplicates of the CBR_UBR and UBR_UBR scenarios. Name the new scenarios Q3_CBR_UBR and Q3_UBR_UBR respectively.) Sol: When we decrease the size of the file the QoS will improve, as the traffic congestion will decrese as in fig.13 and 14, the delay of voice time variation is same and the time average voice packet end to end is also same. And we can say as the decreasing of packet size can decrease traffic congestion. Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Concolusion: After this lab analysing the of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), and ATM adaption layers and service classes and their effect on the performance of the network. And it taught me how to deal with different layers like ATM adaption layers(AAL). Laboratory_6 (RIP) RIP: Routing Information Protocol Objective: In this lab we can analyze and configure the Routing Information protocol. R.I.P Overview: Router has to check the packets destination address and determine which output ports is the best choice to the address. By seeing the forwarding table router do the decision. And these algorithms are needed to build routing tables and the forwarding tables. Basic problem of the routing to find the lowest-cost path between two nodes, Where the cost of a path equals to the sum of costs of all edges that make the path. In this laboratory, we will build a network that utilizes RIP as its routing protocol. We will examine the routing tables generated in the routers, and also check that how RIPS is affected by link failures. Procedure: At the first the scenario named as NO_Failure was created. Network was build by using ethernet4_ slip8_gtwy and 100BaseT_LAN objects along with bidirectional 100BaseT_LAN links. After completion router configuration, remaining LANs were added. Then the statistics were chosen to realize the performance of the RIP protocol. Then simulation process was performed. The designed figure is given below : Figure-1 RIP Network (No_Failure) And we have to design a Failure scenario for that duplicate the of scenario 1, with inclusion of link node failure simulations as shown in figure-2. Figure-2 Rip Network (Failure) And after editing the attributes , which develop a link failure between Router 1 and Router 2. Then simulation process was performed. Figure-3 Comparison of number of updates in failure and No_Failure scenario. The above figures shows the number updates those are sent by the router to its routing table and when there is a failure to any other node connected to it as compared to the situation when there is no failure in any of the link. From the obtained graphs we can observe that for NO_Failure the number of updates decrease from 13 to 4 with time by approximately , because the routing table has already gathered information about neighboring nodes and after that only the information is updated that means updates being sent are less. The scenario is similar for failure in starting, but with time when the router senses link failure it again starts updating information in its routing table, the intensity of which is a little bit less then the time when it sensed the failure. RIP Trafic in No_Failure and Failure scenarios Figure-4 Comparison of RIP traffic sent in Failure and NO_Failure. Figure-5 Comparison for RIP sent traffic in failure and No Failure Scenarios. The above two graphs shows the comparison of RIP sent traffic in Failure and No_failure scenario. The above graphs the first represents overlaid comparison and second one is stacked comparison. The failure introduced into the RIP system changes the traffic sent signals and also the traffic received signals. Conclusion: By observing the results we can say that both No_failure and Failure scenarios are having different results and as the time taken for updating the Routing Information protocol is more for Failure scenario compared to NO_Failure scenario .Because the system require acknowledgement and discard the packet and resend it that takes lots of time to updating LAB 7_OSPF: Open Shortest Path First A Routing Protocol Based on the Link-State Algorithm Introduction: This lab lets us to know the working method of OSPF(Open Shortest Path First Protocol). By some analysis and steps in order to know more about this. Aim: To introduce the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. And analyse the performance of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. Then set up a network that utilizes OSPF as its routing protocol. Analyse the routing tables generated in the routers. And observe how the resulting routes are affected by assigning areas and enabling load balancing. Procedure: By following the steps in the maual we can create the new project is done as we can see in the figure 1 Figure 1 create a new scinario After Creating, Configure the Network, Initialize the Network, Configure the Link Costs, Traffic Demands and figure the Routing Protocol and Addresses were completed. After that Configure the Simulation was the obtained results of the run was put it in the figure 2 3. Figure 2 run three simulation Figure 3 the result of simulation After getting the simulation result duplicate the present scenarios (Areas and Balanced Scenarios) and observe the results as shown in the figures 4,56 Results Figure 4 No_Areas Scenario paths from router A to router C Figure 5 No_Areas Scenario paths from router B to router H Figure 6 Area scenario Figure 7 the Balanced Scenario Answer the Question 1) Explain why the Areas and Balanced scenarios result in different routes than those observed in the No_Areas scenario, for the same pair of routers. Sol As the A and C router link is created as a traffic congestion in No_Areas, the packets go to other shortest path A,D,E and C are smaller as compared to A and C. And the cost is also more for A and C when compared to A,D,E and C , those are like 15 for A,D,E and C and A and C is 20.By OSPF protocol the shortest path is chosen. As the loop back interface allows a server and client to communicate on same host by using TCp/Ip the traffic packets between router A and C in the Areas scenario are expanded ,the packet will pass through link router A and C.And as per the load building option the Path cost for A,C,E,G and H and path cost for B,A,D,F and H are equal, So the packet may choose any one. 2) Using the simulation log, examine the generated routing table in Router A for each of the three scenarios. Explain the values assigned to the Metric column of each route. Hints: Refer to the View Results section in Lab 6 for information about examining the routing tables. You will need to set the global attribute IP Interface Addressing Mode to the value Auto Addressed/Export and rerun the simulation. To determine the IP address information for all interfaces, you need to open the Generic Data File that contains the IP addresses and associated with the scenarios. sol No_Areas Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,163.64,0,RouterA > RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA, Network.RouterA RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG,Campus Network.RouterH RouterG Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,169.09,2,RouterC > RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD Campus COMMON ROUTE TABLE snapshot for: Router name: Campus Network. (Router A) at time: 600.00 seconds ROUTE TABLE contents: Dest. Address Subnet Mask Next Hop Interface Name Metric Protocol Insertion Time 192.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.1 IF0 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.1 IF1 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.1 IF2 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.12.1 Loopback 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.2 IF1 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 35 OSPF 36.496 192.0.14.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.17.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.15.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 25 OSPF 36.496 192.0.19.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.9.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.16.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 5 OSPF 36.496 192.0.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 Areas scenario Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,163.64,0,RouterA > RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterA RouterC Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG,Campus Network.RouterH RouterG Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,169.09,2,RouterC > RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD COMMON ROUTE TABLE snapshot for: Router name: Campus Network. Router A at time: 600.00 seconds ROUTE TABLE contents: Dest. Address Subnet Mask Next Hop Interface Name Metric Protocol Insertion Time 192.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.1 IF0 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.1 IF1 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.1 IF2 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.12.1 Loopback 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.16.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 5 OSPF 36.496 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.9.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.17.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.2 IF1 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.2 IF2 40 OSPF 36.496 192.0.3.2 IF1 40 OSPF 36.496 192.0.14.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.2 IF2 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.19.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 25 OSPF 36.496 192.0.15.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 39.238 Balanced scenario Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,163.64,0,RouterA > RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG,Campus Network.RouterH RouterG Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterA RouterB,Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD RouterF,Campus Network.RouterF,Campus Network.RouterF RouterH Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,169.09,2,RouterC > RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD COMMON ROUTE TABLE snapshot for: Router name: Campus Network. Router A at time: 600.00 seconds ROUTE TABLE contents: Dest. Address Subnet Mask Next Hop Interface Name Metric Protocol Insertion Time 192.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.1 IF0 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.1 IF1 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.1 IF2 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.12.1 Loopback 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.2 IF1 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 35 OSPF 36.496 192.0.14.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.17.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.15.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 25 OSPF 36.496 192.0.19.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.9.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.16.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 5 OSPF 36.496 192.0.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 When we observe the tables both No_Area and Balanced are having same tables but they are different in Area scenario. And this occurs by some reasons like no traffic in between A and C and the area identifier ,the path will pass as per the identifier and table will be different . 3) OPNET allows you to examine the link-state database that is used by each router to build the directed graph of the network. Examine this database for Router A in the No_ Areas scenario. Show how Router A utilizes this database to create a map for the topology of the network and draw this map. (This is the map that will be used later by the router to create its routing table.) Hints: To export the link-state database of a router, Edit the attributes of the router and set the Link State Database Export parameter (one of the OSPF Parameters, under Processes) to Once at End of Simulation. You will need to set the global attribute IP Interface Addressing Mode to the value Auto Addressed/Export. This will allow you to check the automatically assigned IP addresses to the interfaces of the network. (Refer to the notes of question 2 above.) After rerunning the simulation, you can check the link-state database by opening the simulation log (from the Results menu). The link-state database is available in Classes _ OSPF _ LSDB_Export. Sol No_Areas Link State Database snapshot for: Router Name: Router A at time: 600.00 [Router Links Advertisements for Area 0.0.0.0] Link state advertisement list size: 8 - LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.12.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.12.1 Sequence Number: 47, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 22.687 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.12.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.16.1, Link Data: 192.0.1.1, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.1.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.13.1, Link Data: 192.0.3.1, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.3.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.14.1, Link Data: 192.0.4.1, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.4.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.13.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.13.1 Sequence Number: 49, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 24.149 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.13.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.12.1, Link Data: 192.0.3.2, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.3.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.14.1, Link Data: 192.0.11.1, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.11.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.14.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.14.1 Sequence Number: 50, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 24.149 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.14.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.12.1, Link Data: 192.0.4.2, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.4.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.18.1, Link Data: 192.0.10.1, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.10.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.13.1, Link Data: 192.0.11.2, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.11.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.17.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.17.1 Sequence Number: 52, LSA Age: 4 LSA Timestamp: 24.239 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.17.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.16.1, Link Data: 192.0.2.2, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.2.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.19.1, Link Data: 192.0.6.1, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.6.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.15.1, Link Data: 192.0.7.2, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.7.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.15.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.15.1 Sequence Number: 51, LSA Age: 5 LSA Timestamp: 24.239 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.15.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.17.1, Link Data: 192.0.7.1, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.7.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.19.1, Link Data: 192.0.8.1, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.8.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.19.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.19.1 Sequence Number: 129, LSA Age: 5 LSA Timestamp: 27.687 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.19.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.17.1, Link Data: 192.0.6.2, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.6.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.15.1, Link Data: 192.0.8.2, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.8.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.18.1, Link Data: 192.0.9.2, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.9.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.16.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.16.1 Sequence Number: 130, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 27.688 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.16.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Po

Citizen Kane: Exposing the Truth about William Randolph Hearst Essay

Citizen Kane: Exposing the Truth about William Randolph Hearst Many have called Citizen Kane the greatest cinematic achievement of all time. It is indeed a true masterpiece of acting, screen writing, and directing. Orson Welles, its young genius director, lead actor, and a co-writer, used the best talents and techniques of the day (Bordwell 103) to tell the story of a newspaper giant, Charles Kane, through the eyes of the people who loved and hated him. However, when it came out, it was scorned by Hollywood and viewed only in the private theaters of RKO, the producer. Nominated for nine Academy Awards, it was practically booed off the stage, and only won one award, that for Best Screenplay, which Welles and Herman Mankiewicz shared (Mulvey 10). This was all due to the pressure applied by the greatest newspaper man of the time, one of the most powerful men in the nation, the man Citizen Kane portrayed as a corrupt power monger, namely William Randolph Hearst. One cannot ignore the striking similarities between Hearst and Kane. In order to make clear at the outset exactly what he intended to do, Orson Welles included a few details about the young Kane that, given even a rudimentary knowledge of Hearst's life, would have set one thinking about the life of that newspaper giant. Shortly after the film opens, a reporter is seen trying to discover the meaning of Kane's last word, "Rosebud." He begins his search by going through the records of Kane's boyhood guardian, Thatcher. The scene comes to life in midwinter at the Kane boarding house. Kane's mother has come into one of the richest gold mines in the world through a defaulting boarder, and at age twenty-five, Kane will inherit his sixty million dollars (Citizen Kane)... ...r himself by abusing the most potent weapon and shield of his day, the free press. "If I hadn't been very rich, I might have been a really great man." (Orson Welles, Citizen Kane) Bibliography 1)Bordwell, David. "Citizen Kane," Focus on Orson Welles. Prentice-Hall,1976. 2)Cowie, Peter. The Cinema of Orson Welles. De Capo Press, 1973. 3)Citizen Kane. dir. Orson Welles. With Orson Welles, Joseph Cotten, Dorothy Comingore. RKO, 1941. 4)Mulvey, Laura. Citizen Kane. BFI, 1992. 5)Reflections on Citizen Kane. dir. Unknown. Turner Home Entertainment,1991. 6)Robinson, Judith. The Hearsts: an American Dynasty. Avon Books, 1991. 7)Swanberg, W.A. Citizen Hearst. Scribner, 1961. Bantam Matrix Edition, 1967. 8)Zinman, David. Fifty Classic Motion Pictures: The Stuff that Dreams are Made Of. NY Crown Publishers, 1970. NY Limelight Editions, 1992.

history of the internet :: essays research papers

In 1964, the RAND proposal was put forward. Written by Paul Baran, this proposal stated the principles of a new network which was to be built for maximum strength and flexibility. This new network would have no central authority. The principles of this network were that all the nodes would be equal in status and each could send and receive messages. All the messages would be sent in packets, each with its own address. These packets would be sent at one node and would arrive at another one. This may seem rather obvious, but what was new was that the way the packets went through the net was not important. That means that if one node was destroyed, the rest of the nodes would still be able to communicate. This is of course was inefficient and rather slow, but extremely reliable. The Internet still uses this method nowadays, and there has been only one collective crash so far. The Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) wanted to install an advanced network based on the principles in the US. The network was called ARPANET and consisted of four high speed computers (nodes). In 1969, the first node was installed in UCLA. By 1971 there were 23 nodes on ARPANET. In 1972 the first e-mail program was created by Ray Tomlinson of BBN. He chose the @ symbol to link the username to the address. Telnet protocol allowed logging on to a distant computer. It was published as Request for Comments (RFC). These were means of sharing developmental work throughout the network community. Instead of using the ARPANET for long distance computing, the scientists used it for communicating with each other. Each user had his/her own e-mail address. In 1973, â€Å"Development began on the protocol later to be called TCP/IP, it was developed by a group headed by Vinton Cerf from Stanford and Bob Kahn from DARPA. This new protocol was to allow diverse computer networks to interconnect and communicate with each other (Kristula 1974-1983).† During its development was when the term Internet was first used. TCP/IP was adopted by the Department of Defense in 1980 replacing the old NCP and became universal in 1983. Also in 1983 ARPANET split into ARPANET and the military segment, MILNET. MILNET became integrated with the Defense Data Network created the previous year. Thanks to TCP/IP and its decentralized structure, ARPANET grew and grew during the early eighties.

Homoerotic and Homophobic Possibilities in The Castle of Otranto Essay

Homoerotic and Homophobic Possibilities in The Castle of Otranto Eve Sedgwick describes the gothic novel as a â€Å"dialectic between the homosexual and homophobic† (92). Homosexuality was first recognized in the eighteenth century and resulted in far reaching social responses. With the establishment of the term â€Å"homosexuality†, social tensions appeared. These tensions found their way into novels as fears of sexuality and the struggle for sexual expression. Sedgwick terms this emerging homoeroticism as the â€Å"gothic unspeakable†, which is reflected through the depiction of male class and male sexuality (95). Although homosexuality is not explicitly discussed in the text of Otranto, some critics find the relationships and behaviours between the male characters to manifest Sedgwick’s queer reading of the gothic novel. Research on Walpole has yet to turn up any concrete evidence that proves he had a preference for men. However, analysts of Walpole’s letters have found that he had developed strong intimate relationships with men that can only be described as romantic, and therefore homoerotic in nature (Fincher 231). Historically, Walpole has also been accused of being effeminate. In a pamphlet written by William Guthrie, an attack is made on Walpole’s â€Å"ambiguous gender†, of which Guthrie describes Walpole as â€Å"delicate† of â€Å"the third sex† and â€Å"possessing a most ladylike manner† (Fincher 233). There is always the possibility that Guthrie’s pamphlet was only written out of anger. Never the less, it functions as a piece of evidence that suggests Walpole’s sexuality, as well as provides an indication of the attitude towards homosexuality at the time. If indeed Walpole had homoerotic tendencies, then his sexuality would â€Å"give rise to rec... ... wins at the end of the novel, as Manfred’s title and property is stripped from him. Whether this indicates Walpole coming to peace with his own sexuality is debatable, and one can only speculate. Never the less, Sedgwick’s queer reading of the gothic novel provides another unique perspective towards Otranto. Works Cited Fincher, Max. â€Å"Guessing the Mould: Homosocial Sins in Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto.† Gothic Studies 3 (2001): 229-45. Haggerty, George E. "Literature and Homosexuality in the Late Eighteenth Century: Walpole, Beckford, and Lewis." Studies in the Novel 18 (1986): 341-352. Napier, Elizabeth R. The Failure of Gothic. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1987. Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire. New York: Columbia UP, 1985. Walpole, Horace. The Castle of Otranto. New York: Oxford UP, 1996.

Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks

Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks A management report from Business Insights The battle for ‘share of throat’ Positioning of new soft drinks launches aimed at children 29% 36% In spite of growing competition in the soft drinks market, many companies, ranging from multinationals to niche specialists, continue to see volume growth well in excess of the market average. Much of their success can be attributed to progressive attitudes to their competitive environment and by exploiting new production, packaging and distribution technologies, they are able to meet consumers' needs more accurately and immediately than ever before. With leading players such as The Coca-Cola Company driving the battle Child as purchaser Parent as purchaser Planned purchase Impulse purchase for share of throat, soft drinks manufacturers of all sizes need to equip themselves with a wide variety of innovative strategic tools if they are to 4% 32% remain competitive. Business Insights’ report, the Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks highlights emerging opportunities in the industry, and examines the ways that companies can best exploit them. From the emerging markets of Asia-Pacific, Eastern Europe and South America, to fast-growth niches in the developed world, this latest study is the definitive guide to innovation, main players, market sizes and growth prospects. â€Å"New manufacturing and marketing techniques are blurring traditional borders between soft drinks categories. With competition becoming increasingly fierce and share of throat thinking coming to the fore, targeting specific consumer needs and consumption occasions is going to become more and more important. The implications for the soft drinks industry could be considerable, particularly for smaller players. Marketing Director European soft drinks manufacturer Structure and scope Share of throat and market drivers: an in-depth investigation of product positioning, distribution, marketing and NPD strategies that are being employed in the pursuit of share of throat. New Age beverages Energy and sports drinks HIGH GROWTH Category growth versus rate of innov ation in the global soft drinks market Key market data: the report contains a data table for each category, listing the 10 fastest-growing country categories around the world. This Dairy drinks s supplemented in the final chapter with market data by category for 7 of the most important country markets in global soft drinks. Bottled water Carbonates Juices LOW GROWTH CONSOLIDATED Squashes & cordials Powdered soft drinks FRAGMENTED Innovation and technology: analysis of over 350 new product launches in the global market, examining their marketing mix and specific consumer appeal, indicating the direction in which soft drinks NPD is likely to develop over the next five years. â€Å"With high volume growth rates and a low level of consolidation, New Age beverages is arguably the most attractive soft drinks category for new ntrants. † Future outlook and survey: a wide-ranging survey of industry executives in Western Europe and North America, focusing on issues of consumer targetin g, fast-growth distribution channels and packaging formats and assessing their projected impact on the future development of the industry. Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks Business Insights Shifting industry dynamics Key bases of the success of energy and sports drinks in the global soft drinks market Performance enhancement Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks provides invaluable insight into the dynamics of the global soft drinks market. It looks at the increase in inter-category competition and the battle for share of throat, as well as trends in new product development and emerging market activity. With a global outlook, it provides you with the information you need to increase profitability, no matter the size of your company. Isotonic drink Sports drinks Lucozade Sport †¢ What are the main ‘share of throat' strategies being used by the leading multinationals? Energy drinks Tonic & functional dairy drinks Yakult Health needs Red Bull Recreation Lipovitan How do these strategies impact on smaller companies? †¢ What are the current and future trends in soft drinks new product development? †¢ Where do the key opportunities lie: in healthy or in indulgent â€Å"Much of the success of energy and sports drinks can be attributed to the ability of a relatively small number of brands to satisfy a relatively large number of specific consumer demands. † positionings? †¢ How large is the child ren's market for soft drinks? What is the potential of the elderly market? Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks Business Insights What are the fastest-growing niche soft drinks markets in the developed world? †¢ Where are the key growth opportunities in emerging markets? Key benefits Forecast development in soft drinks innovation in North America 100% Line extensions based on existing technologies With the competitive environment in the global soft drinks industry becoming increasingly intense, no company can afford to ignore emerging growth potential. Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks enables you to identify a wide range of opportunities in a variety of countries, categories, channels and formats. Composition of NPD (% new products) 80% 60% Line extensions based on new technologies †¢ Understand how the leading players are shaping the competitive environment and how their activities impact on your business. 40% 20% †¢ Learn how NPD trends are evolving and the channels, packaging Completely new products formats and positionings that are likely to be most successful over 0% 1998 2003 the next five years. †¢ Identify fast-growth areas for your products from 46 country markets in 5 continents. North American manufacturers will focus on using new technologies to add extensions to existing lines rather than create new brands. † †¢ Quantify emerging categories, such as energy and sports drinks and New Age beverages and their potential impact in the vital North American and Western European soft drinks markets. Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks Business Insights †¢ Use the findings of the Business Insights survey to understand how the industry predicts th e soft drinks market will develop over the coming five years. Who can benefit from the report? Forecast development in specific consumer group targeting in soft drinks innovation in Europe Not important now but important in 5 years Important now and important in 5 years Children Young adults Families Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks has been designed to provide soft drinks manufacturers and distributors of all sizes with the information they need to thrive in a hostile competitive environment. Company type Soft Drinks Multinationals Strategic Planners Marketing Managers Product Managers v v v v v v v v v v Soft Drinks Niche Specialists v v v v v v v v v v v v Retailers, Wholesalers and Distributors v v v v v v In 5 years Pensioners Not important now and not important in 5 years Now Important now but not important in 5 years Job title Market Research Managers Managing Directors Distribution Managers NPD Managers Export Managers Brand Managers Sales Managers â€Å"In Europe, creating single-serve products aimed at members of specific age groups is likely to become a key marketing issue in the next five years, whereas multi-serves aimed at families will decline in importance. Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks Business Insights Research methodology Business Insights is a series of management reports designed to help you make informed, timely business decisions. Written and compiled by independent experts, the reports evaluate interviews with key industry executives and quantify the issues that will be of 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 Bottled Water Carbonates Squashes & cordials 997-98 New age beverages Juices Energy & sports drinks Year-on-year category growth dif ferential over soft drinks market average (% volume) % category growth differential over market average greatest strategic sig- nificance in the industry's future. †¢ We conducted a qualitative industry opinion survey of over 500 executives in soft drinks companies across the globe to ascertain their current and future strategies and obtain their opinions and projections on the future of the market. The report provides inter-category and international comparison of growth rates and degrees of consolidation to identify key market entry opportunities. â€Å"Of the traditional categories, only bottled water is outperforming the soft drinks market average growth, having benefited both from the boom in flavoured water sales and the evolution of new bulk and impulse packaging formats. † †¢ It provides analysis of over 350 soft drinks launches on the basis of their competitive positioning and consumer appeal indicating underlying current trends and forecasting future devel opments. Growth Strategies in Soft Drinks Business Insights †¢ The report evaluates the markets for bottled water, carbonates, dairy drinks, energy and sports drinks, juices, New Age beverages, powered soft drinks and squashes and cordials. Table of Contents (abridged) CHAPTER 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction Share of throat Innovations in soft drinks Emerging markets Company profiles – global giants and niche players Survey results and forecasts Market dynamics CHAPTER 2 SHARE OF THROAT Introduction The causes of the expansion of the competitive space The impact of the decrease in volume growth How to gain from the share of throat concept Retail strategies Gaining increased shelf-space Installing more and better equipment in the marketplace Expanding availability into new outlets and channels Consumer strategies Expand consumer base and create a larger body of repeat purchasers Encouraging existing customers to increase their levels of consumption Conclusions CHAPTER 3 INNOVATIONS IN SOFT DRINKS Introduction Product Launch Opportunities The relationship between rate of innovation and growth The relationship between consolidation, innovation and growth Trends in NPD in Soft Drinks Introduction Innovation by category and by geography Innovation by category and by occasion Innovation by category and by target demographic group Innovation by category and by ingredients Conclusions CHAPTER 4 EMERGING MARKETS Introduction Fast Growth Opportunities in the Developing World Indonesia Philippines China New Zealand Hungary Brazil Pakistan CHAPTER 6 SURVEY RESULTS AND FORECASTS Introduction The relationship between product upgrading and true innovation The future of product positioning The future of targeting specific consumer groups The future of soft drinks packaging Summary of key findings CHAPTER 7 MARKET DYNAMICS Introduction Global Soft Drinks Market Data Overview Soft Drinks Market Data Overview: France Germany Italy Japan Spain UK US Portugal Vietnam Poland Emerging Opportunities in the Developed World New Age beverages Energy and sports drinks Bottled water Emerging markets data appendix CHAPTER 5 COMPANY STRATEGIES – GLOBAL GIANTS AND NICHE PLAYERS Introduction The Coca-Cola Company: Coca-Cola Product history Positioning SWOT Analysis Procter & Gamble: Sunny Delight Product history Positioning SWOT Analysis Red Bull GmbH: Red Bull Product history Positioning SWOT Analysis Yakult Honsha: Yakult Product history Positioning SWOT Analysis Conclusions About Business Insights Business Insights appreciate the importance of accurate, up-to-date incisive market and company analysis and our aim therefore is to provide a single, off-the-shelf, objective source of data, analysis and market insight. 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Among the Hidden Reflection Essay

â€Å"Among the hidden† and â€Å"Among the Impostor† is part of the phenomenal series called â€Å"The shadow children book.† This magnificent book is by Margaret Peterson Haddix. Her writing is very complex but descriptive as well, making it easier to understand the mystery book. She has countless memorable novels such as Turnabouts, Just Ella and Running out of Time. After I read this amazing series, I am hoping to read these outstanding novels. That’s why I decided to start of reading her best-selling book â€Å"Among the hidden.† The lesson I learned during this book was not to betray your friends. This is because a teenager named Jason told the population police his friends’ real names and that they are third children. When the police came, he checked their files and different names were posted and Jason was shocked and stammering. Then, he got arrested and went to jail. I recommend this outstanding book to grade 6 and above. Mainly because there are some inappropriate words in the book which isn’t a severe word you’ll see adult use or even high school kids when they are talking with their friends. This is a mystery/suspense book with lots of surprises happens throughout the book like in the second book, Luke wants a fake Id and gets it however the population police comes but doesn’t get caught which you won’t understand because he never does any bad action. There is also sadness like in the first book; Jen gets shot at president’s house which was also a surprise. If you’re grade 6 and above and love mystery/suspense and sadness then it’s a great choice to read these book. My favourite character is Luke because in both of the books because of his loving personality, he is nice, caring and respectful. He possess very good characteristic which will help him get good friends who will not tell on him on the population police because he is the third child, none of his friend does except Jason and he got his consequences. He posses these characteristic because when he teacher, parents and classmate treat him really bad, even though it tortures him he doesn’t do anything to get revenge. However, even though they do that he still respects them and does what they want him to do. Finally, my favourite part in these books was when Luke was brave enough to talk to Jason gang and tell them they stepped on his garden but before that moment in his life he was a scary cat. This showed me how much he changed from book one to book two. Unlike other series which the character usually has the personalities, but Jason was a different person.

Disabled Monologue

Disabled Monologue Setting: [Fruit Man walks to the center of the stage] Fruit Man:I remember the day he left and the day he returned. Crowds cheered him off but only a few welcomed him home. The fact was that nobody had cared enough to go out of their way to see the negative aspects of the war they once had encouraged. I saw them return, one by one, leaving the ships, almost all of them broken in a way, physically or mentally. They deserved thanks, so I gave them fruits, an action that would mean little when they left, but means the world to them now.This soldier, I was there as he went and came, and I have seen everything. Today, unlike a year ago, no big welcome home for them. They were not welcomed home as they had expected they would be. Thousands came to send them off and cheer them on. Soldiers happily marching down the streets, waving to cheering crowds, accepting flowers from pretty girls. Some cheeky soldiers may even steal a kiss here and there. It was so joyous, proud and honourable. Everything was rosy and good. Everyone thought it would be a short war and a happy one and of course we will win.No one gave a thought about anyone getting hurt or killed. He had once been so young and virile. Now he is crippled, unattractive. He had been foolish when he was young; the media persuaded him that the war was glorious, fun and glamorous. It was cool wearing an army uniform and carrying a rifle. It was exciting, an adventure and maybe returning a hero with a medal. AAH, the pretty girls and the kisses, the good things to come. The young soldier isn’t thinking about getting hurt or killed. Then, the reality! It is wrong that society does not appreciate the hardships and sacrifices that were made on their behalf.Almost none of the soldiers’ work was grand, glorious or fun. Their work was necessary. Most of this work goes against what we cherish in our society. We were taught that ‘life is valuable’ and ‘violence is bad’. This war, a war nobody wants. He was such a handsome man, a ladies man before he joined the army. Now, broken, haggard and older than his real age. No women will look twice at him. They much prefer healthy ones. Heroes are strong and big. Heroes do not get injured. Girls do not want to be with cripples. How he must hate this.He used to get so much attention from the girls. What a hopeless life. He does not want pity or disgust. He wants admiration and love. Memories can be so cruel. It is quite depressing to see that he will be sent to an army hospital. I am sure experiments after experiments will be done trying to fix him until they decide that they are nothing they can do for him. He will be discharged and live alone on government handouts. What a terrible life lies ahead. He will be alone, helpless and he will never experience the love of a woman or have a family. The poor man, how much he has LOST.

Introduction to Muslim art and architecture

In this essay I will speak about the exhibits and shows I viewed on my recent visits to the Victoria and Albert Museum and British Museum. It was a truly oculus opening experience. It opened up a new dimension of Islam which I had non considered antecedently. I had ne'er known there was any kind of art or architecture in Islam. I had ever thought of museums as truly deadening topographic points. At first, I was truly doubting but shortly was fascinated by the artifacts. I shall depict the most dramatic and outstanding artifacts I saw and some information I learnt about them. In the Victoria and Albert Museum, I viewed a hearth from the castle of Fuat Pasha. It was made in Istanbul in 1731 CE and is designed in a typical Ottoman manner. An interesting thing to observe here is the on some of the tiles are written some names. These are said to be the names of Ahl Al Kahf. Their narrative is related in the Quran. A group of young persons and their Canis familiaris who were monotheists were being persecuted by the Roman Empire. They sought safety in a cave and prayed to ALLAH ( SWT ) . ALLAH ( SWT ) caused them to kip and they woke up and thought a twenty-four hours had passed. They were weary of being caught and so they elected one of them to acquire nutrient. This young person went carefully and tried to purchase some nutrient. When he tried to pay for it, the store keeper would non accept on history of the money given was expired. Coins like this had non been in usage for 100s of old ages. He rushed back to the cave and told the others. They had really bee n asleep for 300 old ages! ALLAH ( SWT ) had saved them from their enemy who were destroyed where as they were unharmed. This was a mighty Ayat of the power of ALLAH ( SWT ) and of the world of Resurrection. The utilizing of their names on hearths is to guard off immorality. Another point which stood out was the minbar which is a mosque dais. It was built in Egypt, most likely Cairo, someplace between 1468 CE to 1496 CE. Its design is in a Mamluk manner. It uses geometric forms which is an implicit in characteristic of Islamic art. The chief exhibit had to be the Ardabil rug from Ardabil in North Western Iran. The rug is 34 ? pess by 17 ? pess. It is the oldest lasting rug from this period dating back to 1540 CE. It was completed during the regulation of Safavid Shah Tahmasp I the boy of Shah Ismail. Ardabil is a metropolis with a great historical tradition of rug trade and has produced the finest Iranian Rugs of all clip. The rug is symmetrical which is another implicit in characteristic of Islamic art. The xanthous medallion in the Centre is a symbolic representation of the Sun which at that point in clip was assumed to be in the Centre of the existence. Originally this rug was portion of a set of two, and was created for the intent of marking the shrine of Sheikh Safi Al Din Ardabil who was a Sufi maestro in mystical Islam who died in 1334 CE. Shah Ismail, who reunited Iran after many 100s of old ages, founded the Safavid Dynasty named after him and established Shiite Islam as the province faith in 1501 CE. In the British museum I saw a ceramic gravestone of a Qadi called Jalal Al Din Abdul Malik who passed off around the twelvemonth 1270 CE in Kashan, Iran. He was known as Malik Al Ulama. The gravestone is covered in Arabic penmanship incorporating poetries of the Quran. Ayat Al Kursi is written on the outside frame. The penmanship and frames are painted in Co blue. The following object I saw was a mosque lamp from the clip of the Ottoman Empire. It can be accurately dated thanks to the lettering which states the name of the creative person every bit good as where and when it was made. The creative person was Musli who produced it in Iznik in Turkey in the twelvemonth 1549 CE. The Ottoman Caliph Suleiman The Magnificent who reigned from 1520-1566 ordered the rebuilding of the Dome Of The Rock in Jerusalem. The lamp was created to adorn the inside. It has three grips and ironss are used to hang the lamp. When lit, the penmanship lights up. The lamp besides displays tulips which are a symbol of the Ottoman Empire. Tulips were used in ornaments everyplace from mosques and castles to vesture. The lamp was discovered in Jerusalem in the nineteenth Century. I so viewed a gold dinar coin. It is one of the original coins from the clip of the Caliph Abdul Malik of the Umayyad Dynasty. This coin was portion of the Islamic coin system which was established in order to replace Byzantium and Persian coins which were antecedently in usage. This was done because the usage of images on Byzantium and Iranian coins are out. The Islamic coins contained the Kalimah, the basic and most cardinal message of Islam. The coin is dated to 696 CE to 697 CE, likely from Syria. The last point I would to speak about both because it is the last point I saw and was surely the one point which stood out for me was the carven jade terrapin. It caught my oculus instantly. It is highly graphic. It must hold been carved by a really skilled expert. It originates from Allahabad in Northern India and is dated back to the seventeenth Century. It may perchance hold been created between 1605-1627 during the reign of Selim the boy of the 3rd Mughal Emperor Akbar who reigned from 1556-1605 and a Hindu princess. Akbar built a castle at the Hindu metropolis of Prayag and renamed it Allahabad. Akbar ne'er lived in the castle alternatively giving it to his boy. Selim is known to hold had a captivation with natural phenomenon and this could hold been used as an decoration for the garden pools at his castle. The carven jade terrapin was made from a individual piece of green jade nephrite. It was discovered at the underside of a cistern in the beginning of the nineteenth Century d uring digging work in Allahabad. How it ended up at that place in the first topographic point is a enigma. It was so transported to England by Alexander Kyd. It was so sold to the British Museum in 1830. I discovered Islam has a rich diverseness and history. I learnt how Islamic art & A ; architecture is different from other civilizations. I learnt that despite assorted dynasties and epochs, all Islamic art & A ; architecture portion some common cardinal rules. These cardinal rules are that human or carnal figurative representations are non allowed, this is due to the cardinal rule of Islam being Tawheed which is belief in One GOD who is unobserved and nil is like Him so utilizing any images are purely out. This is in blunt contrast to many idol idolizing communities who created ocular images of their Gods such as Ancient Egypt. Another rule is the usage of geometric forms which can be infinitely repeated. Another rule is the usage of Arabic penmanship in order to fancify poetries of the Quran, which can so be used for its ultimate intent, to propagate the faith of Islam. I saw many ancient artifacts of the Islamic universe and saw how art & A ; architecture ties in with the history of great Islamic Empires and Dynasties. Each Dynasty had its ain typical symbols such as tulips for the Ottomans. Each Dynasty has left a go oning bequest through art & A ; architecture such as the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus as a mark of the power and glorification of the Umayyad Dynasty at its extremum. It was a genuinely mind blowing experience. The most of import thing I learnt is that all these objects and artifacts I viewed during my visits to the museums are a portion of my history and heritage.BibliographyCarved jade terrapin. [ Online ] . ( 2009 ) . British Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/c/carved_jade_terrapin.aspx [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .Ceramic gravestone of Jalal al-DincAbd al-Malik. [ Online ] . ( 2009 ) . British Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/c/tombstone_of_an_islamic_judge.aspx [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .Mosque lamp. [ Online ] . ( 2009 ) . British Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/m/ottoman_mosque_lamp.aspx [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .Golddinarof calif Abd al-Malik. [ Online ] . ( 2009 ) . British Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/cm/g/gold_dinar_of_caliph_abd_al-ma.aspx [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .PALACE AND MOSQUE: ISLAMIC ART FROM THE VICTORIA AND ALBERT MUSEUM. [ Online ] . ( 2009 ) . Victoria And Albert Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vam.ac.uk/images/image/8405-popup.html [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .Manner In Islamic Art. [ Online ] . ( 2009 ) . Victoria And Albert Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/1342_islamic_middle_east/index.php? id=1024 [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .The Ardabil Carpet. [ Online ] . ( 200 9 ) . Victoria And Albert Museum. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/object_stories/ardabil/index.html [ Accessed 26 December 2009 ] .